From 89b7b67a13ebb7965cc7f13ad0595e2194a2d34c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Jannis Hoffmann Date: Wed, 3 Jul 2024 15:48:04 +0200 Subject: add sqmail-4.2.29a --- man/dot-qmail.9 | 396 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 396 insertions(+) create mode 100644 man/dot-qmail.9 (limited to 'man/dot-qmail.9') diff --git a/man/dot-qmail.9 b/man/dot-qmail.9 new file mode 100644 index 0000000..f01f24e --- /dev/null +++ b/man/dot-qmail.9 @@ -0,0 +1,396 @@ +.TH s/qmail: dot-qmail 5 +.SH NAME +dot-qmail \- control the delivery of mail messages +.SH DESCRIPTION +Normally the +.B qmail-local +program delivers each incoming message to your system mailbox, +.IR homedir\fB/Mailbox , +where +.I homedir +is your home directory. + +It can instead +write the mail to a different file or directory, +forward it to another address, +distribute it to a mailing list, +or even execute programs, +all under your control. +.SH "THE QMAIL FILE" +To change +.BR qmail-local 's +behavior, set up a +.B .qmail +file in your home directory. + +.B .qmail +contains one or more lines. +Each line is a delivery instruction. +.B qmail-local +follows each instruction in turn. +There are five types of delivery instructions: +(1) comment; (2) program; (3) forward; (4) mbox; (5) maildir. +.TP 5 +(1) +A comment line begins with a number sign: + +.EX + # this is a comment +.EE + +.B qmail-local +ignores the line. +.TP 5 +(2) +A program line begins with a vertical bar: + +.EX + |preline /usr/ucb/vacation djb +.EE + +.B qmail-local +takes the rest of the line as a command to supply to +.BR sh . +See +.B qmail-command(8) +for further information. +.TP 5 +(3) +A forward line begins with an ampersand: + +.EX + &me@new.job.com +.EE + +.B qmail-local +takes the rest of the line as a mail address; +it uses +.B qmail-queue +to forward the message to that address. +The address must contain a fully qualified domain name; +it must not contain extra spaces, angle brackets, or comments: + +.EX + # the following examples are WRONG +.br + &me@new +.br + & +.br + & me@new.job.com +.br + &me@new.job.com (New Address) +.EE + +If the address begins with a letter or number, +you may leave out the ampersand: + +.EX + me@new.job.com +.EE + +Note that +.B qmail-local +omits its new +.B Return-Path +line when forwarding messages. +.TP 5 +(4) +An +.I mbox +line begins with a slash or dot, +and does not end with a slash: + +.EX + /home/djb/Mailbox.sos +.EE + +.B qmail-local +takes the entire line as a filename. +It appends the mail message to that file, +using +.BR flock -style +file locking if possible. +.B qmail-local +stores the mail message in +.I mbox +format, as described in +.BR mbox(5) . + +.B WARNING: +On many systems, +anyone who can read a file can +.B flock +it, and thus hold up +.BR qmail-local 's +delivery forever. +Do not deliver mail to a publicly accessible file! + +If +.B qmail-local +is able to lock the file, but has trouble writing to it +(because, for example, the disk is full), +it will truncate the file back to its original length. +However, it cannot prevent mailbox corruption if the system +crashes during delivery. +.TP 5 +(5) +A +.I maildir +line begins with a slash or dot, +and ends with a slash: + +.EX + /home/djb/Maildir/ +.EE + +.B qmail-local +takes the entire line as the name of a directory in +.I maildir +format. +It reliably stores the incoming message in that directory. +See +.B maildir(5) +for more details. +.PP +If +.B .qmail +has the execute bit set, +it must not contain any +program lines, +.I mbox +lines, +or +.I maildir +lines. +If +.B qmail-local +sees any such lines, +it will stop and indicate a temporary failure. + +If +.B .qmail +is completely empty (0 bytes long), or does not exist, +.B qmail-local +follows the +.I defaultdelivery +instructions set by your system administrator; +normally +.I defaultdelivery +is +.BR ./Mailbox , +so +.B qmail-local +appends the mail message to +.B Mailbox +in +.I mbox +format. + +.B .qmail +may contain extra spaces and tabs at the end of a line. +Blank lines are allowed, but not for the first line of +.BR .qmail . + +If +.B .qmail +is world-writable or group-writable, +.B qmail-local +stops and indicates a temporary failure. +.SH "SAFE QMAIL EDITING" +Incoming messages can arrive at any moment. +If you want to safely edit your +.B .qmail +file, first set the sticky bit on your home directory: + +.EX + chmod +t $HOME +.EE + +.B qmail-local +will temporarily defer delivery of any message to you +if your home directory is sticky +(or group-writable or other-writable, +which should never happen). +Make sure to + +.EX + chmod -t $HOME +.EE + +when you are done! +It's a good idea to test your new +.B .qmail +file as follows: + +.EX + qmail-local -n $USER ~ $USER '' '' '' '' ./Mailbox +.EE + +.SH "EXTENSION ADDRESSES" +In the +.B qmail +system, +you control all local addresses of the form +.IR user\fBBREAK\fIanything , +as well as the address +.I user +itself, +where +.I user +is your account name. +Delivery to +.I user\fBBREAK\fIanything +is controlled by the file +.IR homedir/\fB.qmail\-\fIanything . +(These rules may be changed by the system administrator; +see +.BR qmail-users (5).) + +The +.B alias +user controls all other addresses. +Delivery to +.I local +is controlled by the file +.IR homedir/\fB.qmail\-\fIlocal , +where +.I homedir +is +.BR alias 's +home directory. + +In the following description, +.B qmail-local +is handling a message addressed to +.IR local@domain , +where +.I local +is controlled by +.BR .qmail\-\fIext . +Here is what it does. + +If +.B .qmail\-\fIext +is completely empty, +.B qmail-local +follows the +.I defaultdelivery +instructions set by your system administrator. + +If +.B .qmail\-\fIext +doesn't exist, +.B qmail-local +will try some default +.B .qmail +files. +For example, +if +.I ext +is +.BR foo-bar , +.B qmail-local +will try first +.BR .qmail-foo-bar , +then +.BR .qmail-foo-default , +and finally +.BR .qmail-default . +If none of these exist, +.B qmail-local +will bounce the message. +(Exception: for the basic +.I user +address, +.B qmail-local +treats a nonexistent +.B .qmail +the same as an empty +.BR .qmail .) + +.B WARNING: +For security, +.B qmail-local +replaces any dots in +.I ext +with colons before checking +.BR .qmail\-\fIext . +For convenience, +.B qmail-local +converts any uppercase letters in +.I ext +to lowercase. + +When +.B qmail-local +forwards a message as instructed in +.B .qmail\-\fIext +(or +.BR .qmail-default ), +it checks whether +.B .qmail\-\fIext\fB-owner\fP +exists. +If so, +it uses +.I local\fB-owner@\fIdomain +as the envelope sender for the forwarded message. +Otherwise it retains the envelope sender of the original message. +Exception: +.B qmail-local +always retains the original envelope sender +if it is the empty address or +.BR #@[] , +i.e., if this is a bounce message. + +.B qmail-local +also supports +.B variable envelope return paths +(VERPs): +if +.B .qmail\-\fIext\fB-owner\fP +and +.B .qmail\-\fIext\fB-owner-default\fP +both exist, it uses +.I local\fB\-owner\-@\fIdomain\fB-@[] +as the envelope sender. +This will cause a recipient +.I recip\fB@\fIreciphost +to see an envelope sender of +.IR local\fB\-owner\-\fIrecip\fB=\fIreciphost\fB@\fIdomain . +.SH "ERROR HANDLING" +If a delivery instruction fails, +.B qmail-local +stops immediately and reports failure. +.B qmail-local +handles forwarding after all other instructions, +so any error in another type of delivery will prevent all forwarding. + +If a program returns exit code 99, +.B qmail-local +ignores all succeeding lines in +.BR .qmail , +but it still pays attention to previous forward lines. + +To set up independent instructions, +where a temporary or permanent failure in one instruction +does not affect the others, +move each instruction into a separate +.B .qmail\-\fIext +file, and set up a central +.B .qmail +file that forwards to all of the +.BR .qmail\-\fIext s. +Note that +.B qmail-local +can handle any number of forward lines simultaneously. + +.SH "SEE ALSO" +envelopes(5), +maildir(5), +mbox(5), +qmail-users(5), +qmail-local(8), +qmail-command(8), +qmail-queue(8), +qmail-lspawn(8) -- cgit v1.2.3