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+.TH s/qmail: setforward 1
+.SH NAME
+setforward \- create a forwarding database
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.B setforward
+.I cdb
+.I tmp
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.B setforward
+reads a table of forwarding instructions from its standard input.
+It converts the table into a forwarding database.
+The forwarding database can be used by
+.BR fastforward .
+
+.B setforward
+writes the forwarding database to
+.IR tmp ;
+it then moves
+.I tmp
+to
+.IR cdb .
+.I tmp
+and
+.I cdb
+must be on the same filesystem.
+
+If there is a problem creating
+.IR tmp ,
+.B setforward
+complains and leaves
+.I cdb
+alone.
+
+The forwarding database format is portable across machines.
+.SH "INSTRUCTION FORMAT"
+A forwarding instruction contains a
+.I target\fR,
+a colon, a series of commands, and a semicolon.
+Each command is a
+.I recipient address\fR,
+.I owner address\fR,
+.I external mailing list\fR,
+or
+.I program\fR.
+Commands are separated by commas.
+
+For example,
+
+.EX
+   root@yp.to: god@heaven.af.mil, staff@af.mil;
+.EE
+
+says that mail for
+.B root@yp.to
+should be forwarded to the recipient addresses
+.B god@heaven.af.mil
+and
+.BR staff@af.mil .
+
+When
+.B setforward
+sees # it ignores all text from # to the end of the line:
+
+.EX
+   # this is a comment
+.EE
+
+.B setforward
+ignores all other line endings,
+so you can split a forwarding instruction across lines.
+It also ignores spaces and tabs.
+Exception:
+you can put a space (or tab or comma or whatever)
+into a target or command by putting a backslash in front of it.
+(However, NUL bytes are not permitted anywhere.)
+.SH "TARGETS"
+When
+.B fastforward
+sees the incoming address
+.IR user@host.dom ,
+it tries three targets:
+.IR user@host.dom ,
+.IR @host.dom ,
+and
+.IR user@ .
+It obeys the commands for the first target that it finds.
+Target names are interpreted without regard to case.
+
+All the commands for a single target must be listed in a single instruction.
+Exception: an owner address can be listed in a separate instruction.
+.SH "RECIPIENT ADDRESSES"
+If a command begins with an ampersand,
+.B setforward
+takes the remaining bytes in the command as a recipient address:
+
+.EX
+   boss@yp.to: &god@heaven.af.mil;
+.EE
+
+.B fastforward
+sends each incoming mail message
+to the recipient address.
+The recipient address must include a fully qualified domain name.
+It cannot be longer than 800 bytes.
+
+If a recipient address is itself a target in the forwarding table,
+.B fastforward
+will recursively handle the instructions for that target.
+Note that
+.I @host.dom
+and
+.I user@
+wildcards do not apply here;
+they apply only to the incoming address.
+
+If a command begins with a letter or number,
+.B setforward
+takes the entire command as a recipient address:
+
+.EX
+   boss@yp.to: god@heaven.af.mil;
+.EE
+.SH "OWNER ADDRESSES"
+If a command begins with a question mark,
+.B setforward
+takes the remaining bytes in the command as an owner address:
+
+.EX
+   sos@heaven.af.mil: ?owner-sos@heaven.af.mil;
+.EE
+
+.B fastforward
+uses that address as the envelope sender for forwarded mail,
+so bounces will go back to that address.
+(Normally, if a message is forwarded to a bad address,
+it will bounce back to the original envelope sender.)
+.SH "EXTERNAL MAILING LISTS"
+If a command begins with a dot or slash,
+.B setforward
+takes the entire command as the name of a binary mailing list file created by
+.BR setmaillist :
+
+.EX
+   sos@heaven.af.mil: /etc/lists/sos.bin;
+.EE
+
+.B fastforward
+will read and obey the commands in that file.
+The file must be world-readable
+and accessible to
+.BR fastforward .
+.SH "PROGRAMS"
+If a command begins with a vertical bar or exclamation point,
+.B setforward
+takes the rest of the command as the name of a program to run:
+
+.EX
+   dew@: |dew-monitor;
+.EE
+
+For a vertical bar,
+.B fastforward
+feeds the message
+to that program.
+An exclamation point works the same way except that
+.B fastforward
+inserts
+.BR $UFLINE ,
+.BR $RPLINE ,
+and
+.B $DTLINE
+in front of the message.
+.SH "DUPLICATES"
+When
+.B fastforward
+is building the recipient list for a message,
+it keeps track of the recipient addresses and external mailing lists
+it has used.
+If the same command shows up again, it skips it.
+For example:
+
+.EX
+   everybody@yp.to: programmers@yp.to, testers@yp.to;
+   programmers@yp.to: joe@yp.to, bob@yp.to;
+   testers@yp.to: joe@yp.to, fred@yp.to;
+.EE
+
+A message to
+.B everybody@yp.to
+will be sent to
+.B joe@yp.to
+only once.
+(This also means that addresses in an internal forwarding loop
+are discarded.)
+
+Exception:
+If a target has an owner address,
+commands for that target are considered different
+from commands for ``outside'' targets.
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+newaliases(1),
+preline(1),
+printforward(1),
+setmaillist(1)