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-.TH s/qmail: qmail-header 5
-.SH NAME
-qmail-header \- format of a mail message
-.SH OVERVIEW
-At the top of every mail message is a
-highly structured
-.BR header .
-Many programs expect the header to carry certain information,
-as described below.
-The main function of
-.B qmail-inject
-is to make sure that each outgoing message has an appropriate header.
-
-For more detailed information, see
-.BR http://pobox.com/~djb/proto/immhf.html .
-.SH "MESSAGE STRUCTURE"
-A message contains a series of
-.I header fields\fR,
-a blank line,
-and a
-.IR body :
-
-.EX
- Received: (qmail-queue invoked by uid 666);
-.br
- 30 Jul 1996 11:54:54 -0000
-.br
- From: djb@silverton.berkeley.edu (D. J. Bernstein)
-.br
- To: fred@silverton.berkeley.edu
-.br
- Date: 30 Jul 1996 11:54:54 -0000
-.br
- Subject: Go, Bears!
-.br
-
-.br
- I've got money on this one. How about you?
-.br
-
-.br
- ---Dan (this is the third line of the body)
-.EE
-
-Each header field has a
-.IR name ,
-a colon,
-some
-.IR contents ,
-and a newline:
-
-.EX
- Subject: Go, Bears!
-.EE
-
-The field contents may be folded across several lines.
-Each line past the first must begin with a space or tab:
-
-.EX
- Received: (qmail-queue invoked by uid 666);
-.br
- 30 Jul 1996 11:54:54 -0000
-.EE
-
-The field name must not contain spaces, tabs, or colons.
-Also, an empty field name is illegal.
-.B qmail-inject
-does not allow field names with unprintable characters.
-
-Case is irrelevant in field names:
-.B subject
-and
-.B SUBJECT
-and
-.B SuBjEcT
-have the same meaning.
-.SH "ADDRESS LISTS"
-Certain fields, such as
-.BR To ,
-contain
-.I address lists\fR.
-
-An address list contains some number of
-.I addresses
-or
-.I address groups\fR,
-separated by commas:
-
-.EX
- a@b, c@d (Somebody), A Person <e@f>,
-.br
- random group: g@h, i@j;, k@l
-.EE
-
-An
-.I address group
-has some text, a colon, a list of addresses,
-and a semicolon:
-
-.EX
- random group: g@h, i@j;
-.EE
-
-An address can appear in several forms.
-The most common form is
-.IR box@host .
-
-Every address must include a host name.
-If
-.B qmail-inject
-sees a lone box name
-it adds the
-.I default host name\fR.
-
-All host names should be fully qualified.
-.B qmail-inject
-appends the
-.I default domain name
-to any name without dots:
-
-.EX
- djb@silverton -> djb@silverton.berkeley.edu
-.EE
-
-It appends the
-.I plus domain name
-to any name
-that ends with a plus sign:
-
-.EX
- eric@mammoth.cs+ -> eric@mammoth.cs.berkeley.edu
-.EE
-
-A host name may be a dotted-decimal address:
-
-.EX
- djb@[128.32.183.163]
-.EE
-
-RFC 822 allows mailbox names inside angle brackets
-to include
-.I source routes\fR,
-but
-.B qmail-inject
-strips all source routes out of addresses.
-.SH "SENDER ADDRESSES"
-.B qmail-inject
-looks for sender address lists in the following fields:
-.BR Sender ,
-.BR From ,
-.BR Reply-To ,
-.BR Return-Path ,
-.BR Return-Receipt-To ,
-.BR Errors-To ,
-.BR Resent-Sender ,
-.BR Resent-From ,
-.BR Resent-Reply-To .
-
-If there is no
-.B From
-field,
-.B qmail-inject
-adds a new
-.B From
-field with the name of the user invoking
-.B qmail-inject.
-
-RFC 822 requires that certain sender fields contain
-only a single address, but
-.B qmail-inject
-does not enforce this restriction.
-.SH "RECIPIENT ADDRESSES"
-.B qmail-inject
-looks for recipient address lists in the following fields:
-.BR To ,
-.BR Cc ,
-.BR Bcc ,
-.BR Apparently-To ,
-.BR Resent-To ,
-.BR Resent-Cc ,
-.BR Resent-Bcc .
-
-Every message must contain at least one
-.B To
-or
-.B Cc
-or
-.BR Bcc .
-.B qmail-inject
-deletes any
-.B Bcc
-field.
-If there is no
-.B To
-or
-.B Cc
-field,
-.B qmail-inject
-adds a line
-
-.EX
- Cc: recipient list not shown: ;
-.EE
-
-This complies with RFC 822;
-it also works around some strange
-.B sendmail
-behavior, in case the message is passed through
-.B sendmail
-on another machine.
-.SH STAMPS
-Every message must contain a
-.B Date
-field, with the date in a strict format defined by RFC 822.
-If necessary
-.B qmail-inject
-creates a new
-.B Date
-field with the current date (in GMT).
-
-Every message should contain a
-.B Message-Id
-field.
-The field contents are a unique worldwide identifier for this message.
-If necessary
-.B qmail-inject
-creates a new
-.B Message-Id
-field.
-
-Another important field is
-.BR Received .
-Every time the message is sent from one system to another,
-a new
-.B Received
-field is added to the top of the message.
-.B qmail-inject
-does not create any
-.B Received
-fields.
-.SH "RESENT MESSAGES"
-A message is
-.I resent
-if it contains any of the following fields:
-.BR Resent-Sender ,
-.BR Resent-From ,
-.BR Resent-Reply-To ,
-.BR Resent-To ,
-.BR Resent-Cc ,
-.BR Resent-Bcc ,
-.BR Resent-Date ,
-.BR Resent-Message-ID .
-
-If a message is resent,
-.B qmail-inject
-changes its behavior as follows.
-
-It deletes any
-.B Resent-Bcc
-field (as well as any
-.B Bcc
-field);
-if there are no
-.B Resent-To
-or
-.B Resent-Cc
-fields,
-.B qmail-inject
-adds an appropriate
-.B Resent-Cc
-line.
-It does
-.I not
-add a
-.B Cc
-line,
-even if neither
-.B To
-nor
-.B Cc
-is present.
-
-If there is no
-.B Resent-From
-field,
-.B qmail-inject
-adds a new
-.B Resent-From
-field.
-It does
-.I not
-add a new
-.B From
-field.
-
-.B qmail-inject
-adds
-.B Resent-Date
-if one is not already present;
-same for
-.BR Resent-Message-Id .
-It does
-.I not
-add new
-.B Date
-or
-.B Message-Id
-fields.
-.SH "OTHER FEATURES"
-Addresses are separated by commas, not spaces.
-When
-.B qmail-inject
-sees an illegal space,
-it inserts a comma:
-
-.EX
- djb fred -> djb, fred
-.EE
-
-.B qmail-inject
-removes all
-.B Return-Path
-header fields.
-
-.B qmail-inject
-also removes any
-.B Content-Length
-fields.
-.SH "SEE ALSO"
-addresses(5),
-envelopes(5),
-qmail-inject(8)